منصة إيفاد العلمية

عماد حسن العوض يس

إرسال رسالة

التخصص: Geo-informatics

الجامعة: University of Khartoum, Sudan and University of Sopron, Hungary

النقاط:

52.5

معامل الإنتاج البحثي

الخبرات العلمية

Teaching assistant at Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Sudan (14/08/2014 – 21/10/2019)
Director of remote sensing and GIS unit at Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Sudan (01/03/2019 – 01/03/2021)
Lecturer Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Sudan (22/10/2019 – Current)
Researcher at Institute of Geomatics and Civil Engineering, University of Sopron, Hungary (01/09/2021 - current)

الأبحاث المنشورة

Fostering environmental and resources management in Sudan through geo-information systems: A prospective approach for sustainability

المجلة: Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management

سنة النشر: 2019

تاريخ النشر: 2024-04-01

Environmental and land resource degradation is a serious problem that poses significant challenges in Sudan and worldwide generally. Despite the fact that the physical environment components are the underlying economic resources and production assets in developing countries like Sudan, and they directly affect the nation’s socioeconomic aspects of income, health, water availability, food security, and many others. The interventions and protective measures were insufficient to meet the magnitude and extent of the ongoing degradation and resource wastage. Based on the analysis of the indicators and trends of the environmental and natural resources management ‘status quo’, this paper is an attempt to overview and investigate the state of environmental and natural resources management and governance in Sudan. Further discussion delves into the utilization of geo-information systems in Sudan’s environmental and resource management by analyzing and reviewing “some previous case studies” where GIS approaches and techniques were deployed. The paper further strives to explore and highlight the opportunities and potential contributions of GIS in the context of Sudan’s environmental and resource management. Lessons learned from the previous experiences were considered, and the recommendations for the future use of a tailored geo- information system in Sudan context were highlighted and suggested to support better practices and sustainability insights for environmental governance and resources management.

Crop type classification and spatial mapping in River Nile and Northern State, Sudan, using Sentinel-2 satellite data and field observation

المجلة: Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management

سنة النشر: 2024

تاريخ النشر: 2024-04-01

Maintaining productive farmland necessitates precise crop mapping and identification. While satellite remote sensing makes it possible to generate such maps, there are still issues to resolve, such as how to choose input data and the best classifier algorithm, especially in areas with scarce field data. Accurate assessments of the land used for farming are a crucial part of national food supply and production accounting in many African countries, and to this end, remote sensing tools are being increasingly put to use. The aim of this study was to assess the potentiality of Sentinel-2 to distinguish and discriminate crop species in the study area and constraints on accurately mapping cropping patterns in the winter season in River Nile and Northern State, Sudan. The research utilized Sentinel-2 Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI) at 10 m resolution, unsupervised and supervised classification method with ground sample and accuracy assessment. The results of the study found that the signatures of grain sorghum, wheat, okra, Vicia faba, alfalfa, corn, haricot, onion, potato, tomato, lupine, tree cover, and garlic have clear distinctions, permitting an overall accuracy of 87.38%, with trees cover, onion, wheat, potato, garlic, alfalfa, tomato, lupine and Vicia faba achieving more than 87% accuracy. Major mislabeling problems occurred primarily in irrigated areas for grain sorghum, okra, corn, and haricot, in wooded areas comprised of small parcels of land. The research found that high-resolution temporal images combined with ground data had potential and utility for mapping cropland at the field scale in the winter.

Assessment of Taungya agroforestry system in dryland forests rehabilitation in Sudan

المجلة: Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management

سنة النشر: 2023

تاريخ النشر: 2023-04-01

The decline of the forest cover due to deforestation and agricultural expansion in Sudan has reached a critical situation. Taungya agroforestry systems have been used as a strategy to safeguard against this process, allowing farmers to cultivate their subsistence crops at the early stage of tree plantations. The current study research tackled Nabag Forest Reserve (NFR) as a case study to assess and explore Taungya agroforestry system as a practice used for forest rehabilitation in the study area. Satellite images of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper, and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager/Thermal Infrared Sensor of 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2021 were used to generate forest cover maps. Both unsupervised and supervised classification, as well as ground truth points, were applied to classify the vegetation cover in NFR as dense forest (DF), light forest (LF), agricultural field (AF), and bare land (BL). The results showed that two trends of forest cover changes occurred in NFR between 1991-2001 and 2011-2021. It was well explored that through Taungya agroforestry, there was a considerable increase in forest cover over this period. This could be clearly detected by increasing dense forest and light forest cover by 1041.73 ha (24.95%) and 2.95 ha (0.07%), respectively and decreasing of bare land and agricultural field by 409.79 ha (9.81%) and 634.52 ha (15.15%) during the addressed period. The findings of the study indicated that Taungya agroforestry system could be a feasible land-use alternative for forest recovery in the dry land of Sudan.

ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF GUM ARABIC PRODUCERS' ASSOCIATIONS (GAPAS) IN REHABILITATION OF GUM ARABIC BELT: CASE OF NORTH AND WEST KORDOFAN STATES, SUDAN

المجلة: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSERVATION SCIENCE

سنة النشر: 2024

تاريخ النشر: 2024-03-01

The research aimed to investigate the involvement of Gum Arabic Producers' Associations (GAPAs) in the rehabilitation of the gum Arabic belt in North and West Kordofan States, Sudan. Data were collected through social surveys of household heads, interviews, and observations, as well as remote sensing images from 1998, 2009, and 2020. Secondary data were obtained from different literature sources. The data were analysed using SPSS and ERDAS software. The results of the social survey showed that the establishment of GAPAs coincided with an increase in gum-producing trees, but GAPAs did not directly contribute to the rehabilitation process. Instead, the rehabilitation efforts were carried out through collaborations between the Forests National Corporation (FNC), multi-donor projects, and GAPAs. The remote sensing results showed changes in vegetation cover over the study period, with an increase in dense, moderate, and sparse vegetation cover classes. The research concluded that GAPAs have a significant impact on the enhancement of vegetation cover. External institutions played a role in the restocking of gum trees. It was recommended that GAPAs be strengthened through capacity building and the adoption of technology to improve gum production. FNC should encourage micro-financial institutions to support rehabilitation projects, utilise mapping to protect the gum gardens, and monitor the rehabilitation processes.

Forests at the Crossroads: Biodiversity Conservation in the Era of Climate Change

المجلة: Intech Open

سنة النشر: 2024

تاريخ النشر: 2024-03-01

Tropical forests are biodiversity-rich habitats on the globe because they host diversified flora and fauna species, provide a plethora of ecosystem goods and services to local communities, and sustain numerous ecological functions. The forest resources in Sudan are a vital aspect of the nation's ecological and economic framework. However, they face threats from agriculture, logging, and degradation, leading to the loss of forest cover and reduced biodiversity. This chapter reviews Sudan's dryland forests, highlighting their importance, forest biodiversity, ecosystem services, environmental degradation, conservation challenges, biodiversity information gap, threats, and the urgent need for sustainable management strategies. It emphasizes the significance of protecting these forests to maintain ecological balance and promote socioeconomic development. Addressing these challenges requires urgent and effective conservation and management efforts to preserve these vital resources.

Evaluating Satellite Image Classification: Exploring Methods and Techniques

المجلة: Intech Open

سنة النشر: 2023

تاريخ النشر: 2024-01-01

Satellite image classification serves a critical function across various applications, from land cover mapping and urban planning to environmental monitoring and disaster management. In recent years, significant advancements in machine learning and computer vision, coupled with increased accessibility to satellite imagery, have driven considerable progress in this field. Classification techniques for satellite imagery can be primarily divided into three key approaches: automatic, manual, and hybrid. Each approach offers unique advantages but also comes with its own set of limitations. While most methodologies gravitate toward automatic techniques, choosing an appropriate method should be a carefully considered decision based on specific needs. This paper provides an exhaustive review of cutting-edge classification algorithms , including Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Classification Trees (CTs), and Support Vector Machines (SVMs). It also offers a comparative analysis between these modern methods and traditional techniques, focusing on their respective performance metrics when applied to satellite data. This study examines key factors affecting remote sensing data classification, including classifier parameter adjustments and combining multiple classifiers. It reviews existing literature to enhance feature selection and classifier optimization for better accuracy. However, it also points out the continuous need for research in image processing to improve classification accuracy.

Assessment and Mapping of Forest Cover Change in Dryland, Sudan Using Remote Sensing

المجلة: Intech Open

سنة النشر: 2023

تاريخ النشر: 2023-12-01

Forest resources in the arid and semi-arid of Sudan are experiencing significant fluctuations in tree cover and ecological functionality. This study aims to bridge this gap by utilizing multi-temporal Landsat imagery and mapping forest cover change in the Nabag Forest Reserve (NFR) in South Kordofan State, Sudan. For this assessment , two cloud-free images (TM from 2011 and OLI from 2021) were downloaded and analyzed using ArcMap 10.7 and ERDAS 2014 software. Supervised classification techniques were applied, corroborated by GPS point verification and field surveys, to quantify changes in forest cover over the decade. The results revealed that dense forest cover increased from 9% in 2011 to 38.9% in 2021, while light forest cover decreased from 34.4% in 2011 to 30.9% in 2021. Additionally, the area occupied by agriculture and barren land declined from 37.2% and 19.4% in 2011 to 18.7% and 11.5% in 2021, respectively. Rapid shifts were observed in all LULC categories during the study period. The primary causes of deforestation and forest degradation were tree felling , unsustainable grazing practices, and construction activities. These findings are crucial for guiding future forest rehabilitation and creating targeted management plans for the local communities reliant on these forests.

Forest Degradation in Dryland Ecosystems of Sudan: Review of the Causes, Consequences, Assessment Methods, and Potential Solutions

المجلة: Intech Open

سنة النشر: 2023

تاريخ النشر: 2023-12-01

Dryland forests are ecologically and socioeconomically important. They contribute to livelihood diversification, food security, animal feed and shelter, and environmental conservation in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Sudan. Despite their importance, current findings show that multiple ecological, human, socioeconomic, and policy factors have damaged these resources. As a result, undesirable consequences have been observed, such as food famine, land and water resource degradation, decline/loss of biodiversity, and contribution to global warming that affect the welfare of humans, plants, animals, and microorganisms. This chapter briefly reviews the forest degradation in drylands Sudan with emphasis on its common causes, impacts, assessment methods, management intervention efforts, and potential future solutions. Given the current situation, there must be urgent combating efforts to manage Sudan's dryland forest resources properly. On the one hand, following prevention measures to essentially deal with the current causes thus prevent any further degradation of forest resources in dryland Sudan. On the other hand, there is an urgent need to address current degradation following appropriate and timely rehabilitation interventions. We also recommend adopting a serious monitoring and evaluation system within these combating efforts by applying the five common indicators for measuring forest degradation: biodiversity, productive functions, carbon storage, forest health, and protective functions.

Land-Use Land-Cover Change Detection Using Geospatial Techniques in Zalingei, Central Darfur, Sudan

المجلة: Journal of Information Systems and Informatics

سنة النشر: 2023

تاريخ النشر: 2023-12-01

Using remote sensing for land use and land cover (LULC) is essential for systems that help people make decisions because it gives valuable information about space and time. A study was conducted in Zalingei, Sudan, to analyze the changes in LULC over 30 years from 1991 to 2021 using multi-temporal Landsat images. Thematic Mapper (TM) and Operational Land Imager (OLI) were classified using the supervised classification method. The pictures were divided into four groups based on how the land was used: residential areas, bodies of water, vegetation cover, and bare land. Results showed that the residential area increased by 20.74% while the water body increased by 2.32%. However, the vegetation cover decreased by 0.7%, and bare land decreased by 22.37%. The changes were caused by people, which shows how vital good land management practices and involvement from the local community are for reducing LULC change. So, to reduce LULC change in the study area, proper land management practices and active participation from the local community are needed. The study concluded that remote sensing technology is an effective tool for assessing and mapping land use and land cover changes and providing valuable information for decision support systems.

Do Observations during Patrolling Trips Detect Changes in Wildlife Presence & Diversity in National Parks?

المجلة: Open Journal of Ecology

سنة النشر: 2023

تاريخ النشر: 2023-11-01

Globally, mountains encompass spectacular landscapes and a great diversity of species. However, Savannah's mountains in Sudan have been affected by the loss of diversity due to human activities and climate changes. Therefore, this study aims to assess changes in wildlife diversity in Jebel-Eldair Nation Park (JENP) based on only reports from patrolling activities, especially in the absence of regular wildlife monitoring programs. Reports of monthly wildlife observations during patrolling trips were used for the summer season in 2010 and 2018. Findings showed a moderate to high decline in the most important wildlife species (i.e. lion, wild dog, and crest porcupine). Six others are documented as rare species in reserve, including the civet, spotted hyena, striped hyena, jackal, seraval, and Siberian bird. Contrary and despite the diversity reduction, some species witnessed increases in their observation frequency, such as lesser kudu, caracal, monitor, and lunar bird. Moreover, human settlements , agricultural activities, and other anthropogenic factors were found to be the main drivers of biodiversity reduction in JENP. The study recommends adopting this method to detect changes in wildlife communities, especially in a situation of deficiency and lack of funding to conduct regular monitoring programs.

Effect of Simulated Drought and Rainfall Fluctuation on Seedling Growth of Two Savannah Trees Species in Sudan: An Experimental Exploration

المجلة: Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica,

سنة النشر: 2023

تاريخ النشر: 2023-11-01

Climate change scenarios project that several regions, especially in dryland areas of subSaharan Africa, will undergo increasing aridity and, subsequently, expanding land degradation. The study aims to investigate the effect of two drying treatments on establishing and growing Hashab (Acacia senegal) and Boabab (Adansonia digitata) in nursery conditions. Through a 2×2 factorial experiment, seedlings grown in a mixture of silt and sand soil (2:3) were treated by irrigation intervals of one or two liters every three days for 14 weeks to simulate rainfall fluctuation patterns. Seedling germination rate, leaf number, stem height, and diameter were measured weekly; taproot length, shoot, and root dry weights were also assessed. The results showed that neither drying treatment significantly affected A. senegal and A. digitata seedling growth parameters. However, an interaction effect was found in the height and diameter for A. senegal and shoot dry weight for A. digitata. The study concluded that A. senegal and A. digitata seem tolerant to drying treatment. Therefore, the two species are recommended for afforestation programs in areas with relatively harsher conditions. Also, exposing the seedlings of these studied species to similar, extended periods of simulated drought (e.g., 6 – 12 months) is recommended for future studies.

Species Composition and Carbon Stock of Rehabilitated Mangrove Forest in Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

المجلة: Environmental Research, Engineering and Management

سنة النشر: 2023

تاريخ النشر: 2023-10-01

Since 1994, the community around the mangrove forest in Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, has rehabilitated the mangrove forest. Unfortunately, almost three decades of the success story of mangrove rehabilitation has not followed appropriate documentation on biodiversity and potential carbon stock. This research aimed to describe the species composition and estimate the carbon stock of rehabilitated mangrove forests. Forty-five sampling plots were distributed using purposive sampling based on mangrove zonation (distal, middle, proximal) and year of rehabilitation (2004, 2006, 2008). The findings revealed that there are ten mangrove species. Two species, namely Avicennia marina and Sonneratia alba, showed a high importance value index. The average aboveground carbon stock was 454.712 t/ha, distributed in seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees at 0.04%, 2.41%, 51.61%, and 45.94%, respectively. Mangrove rehabilitation in Kupang district, East Nusa Tenggara Province, has successfully increased the richness, heterogeneity, and carbon stock.

Variation in the rates of biomass removal by soil macro-fauna in different land uses at Rashad, South Kordofan, Sudan

المجلة: "Travaux du Muséum National d’HistoireNaturelle “Grigore Antipa

سنة النشر: 2022

تاريخ النشر: 2022-12-01

One of the main implications of reducing biodiversity is the loss or decline of ecosystem function. We have previously seen in the Rashad location that agricultural practices have a lower effect on ant biodiversity. However, how they affect the environmental services, they provide is unclear. The main objective of this study was to evaluate whether the conversion of native areas into agricultural systems affects the removal of biomass carried out by ants, an important ecosystem function linked to decomposition and predation. We sampled three transects from (the Rashad district). Each sampling plot consisted of a grid of 12 pitfall traps filled with sardine baits (simulating animal organisms) and bananas (as attractive vegetable resources). In addition, grass seeds ( Sorghum bicolor ) were applied in both natural (Campo, Kubos, and forest) and agricultural settings (soy monoculture, pastures, and organic agriculture). The Results showed that ant’s removal was highest in sardine with an average of 87.3g (σ ± 23.8), followed by banana (average of 70.5g, σ ± 31.5) and lowest in the seed (mean of 7.8g, σ ± 7.3) (highest p = 0.017). Only the soy monoculture regions showed the lowest levels of sardine removed, indicating an effect associated with the kind of land use. Because little biomass is eliminated in both natural and agricultural settings, no effect of the seeds bait has been observed. As for the banana bait, the data suggested a redundancy effect with another group of macro-fauna). Our results suggest that there is a redundancy effect with another group of macrofauna. However, macrofauna biomass (excluding ants) does not explain this biomass removal. In addition, it detected no impact of ant species composition on removed biomass. The reduction of sardine and banana biomass was correlated with ant richness, indicating that the effects on ecosystem function depend on the particularities of each evaluated role (such as resource type), the type of land use, and the ant richness in the study area.

Impact of Diluted Red Sea Water on Growth of Arak (Salvadora persica)

المجلة: ANKARA INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH-VII

سنة النشر: 2022

تاريخ النشر: 2022-12-01

The study was carried out during two seasons (2017/2018 and 2018/2019) to investigate the effect of five levels of Red Rea tap water diluted on the growth of Arak (Salvadora persica). The experiment was carried out in the nursery of Forest National Corporation, the red sea state. The seeds were sown in silt loam soil and watered every two days with tap water after complete four weeks transplanted in polyethylene bags. In each season the pots were arranged in completely randomized block design. Then irrigation water in the second month in both seasons consists of five levels of salinity EC: (0:1(control), 1:1, 1:4, 1:7and 1:9) and survival, plant mineral content and vegetative growth were measured. Research shows that salinity has a major impact on germination rates, mineral content of plants, and other aspects of plant growth. Higher salinity levels were associated with a lower Survival rate (5%). Increases in salinity reduced plant height by 28% and 84%, and also reduced the number of leaves by 42% and 20%, respectively; however, these changes were not statistically significant in either the first or second growing seasons. Significantly reduced was found in fresh Shoot (56.25% in the first season) and Total fresh weight (58.0%, 62.2%), Total dry weight (56.3%, 60.7%) in the first and second season respectively. Not significant reduced was found in fresh root (61.1%, 67.7%) in the first and second season respectively and Fresh Shoot (61.5%), total dry weight (60.7%) in second season. Significant reduced was found in mineral percent’s (K% (71.17%), Na% (34.9%)) but not in Ca+Mg% (44.6%), P (43.75%). The research concluded that Salvadora persica is salinity tolerant, has a high potassium content, and has high growth values, making it a very useful species in restoring the fragile arid tract, as well as providing food, shelter, and medicine to the locals as well as attracting wildlife and livestock.

Assessment of land use and land cover change on Gum Talha (Acacia seyal var. seyal) forest in Bahar Alarab, Sudan

المجلة: Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity

سنة النشر: 2022

تاريخ النشر: 2022-09-01

Assessment of land use and land cover change on Gum Talha (Acacia seyal var. seyal) forest in Bahar Alarab, Sudan. Biodiversitas 23: 4549-4560. Evaluating land use and land cover change (LULC) is essential for the sustainable management of natural resources, biodiversity conservation, monitoring of food security, and research related to climate change and ecology. A better assessment of land-use changes is highly needed for further investigation due to increasingly rapid changes in LULC in response to human population growth. The emerging climatic change also has a significant effect on LULC. The objective of this study is to assess land use and land cover in Bahar Alarab, East Darfur State, Sudan, using remote sensing data obtained from satellite images. For assessing the LULC changes, Landsat images of the years 1988, 2002, and 2020 were downloaded and analyzed using QGIS 3.22.1 and ERDAS 2014 software, where supervised classification was applied with GPS point verification, change detection, matrix, and accuracy assessment. The analysis on LULC showed considerable changes during the two study periods, where 2020 had a considerable increase in forest cover in which on that year it occupied 26.44% of the area compared to 2002 and 1988 with 21.27% and 21.45%, respectively. Whereas 2002 the area was covered by a vast herbaceous vegetation (33.41%) compared to 1988 and 2002. Moreover, in 1988, shrubland decreased from 31.95% to 29.06% and 23.67% in 2020 and 2002, respectively. Sparse vegetation covered a considerable area in 2020 (23.61%) compared to 2002 and 1988 (21.65% and 17.71%, respectively). The results highlighted that there was statistically significant correlation between climate factors and LULC. Average temperature was highly positively correlated with sparse vegetation at 98.2%, while rainfall was highly negatively correlated with forest (-96.9%) and sparse vegetation (-88%), and highly positively correlated with herbaceous vegetation (83.5%). This study provides a unique understanding of LULC changes and their implications in management and conservation efforts, as well as a road map for decision makers for sustainable development of LULC in the Bahar Alarab.

Spatial distribution of tree species composition and carbon stock in Tozi tropical dry forest, Sinnar State, Sudan

المجلة: Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity

سنة النشر: 2022

تاريخ النشر: 2022-05-01

Dryland forest ecosystem in Sudan plays an important role, either ecologically or economically, for the community around the forest areas. However, land-use change, illegal logging and grazing have caused dryland forests in the country to degrade. The research aimed to investigate the species composition and carbon stock in a Tozi tropical dry forest (TTDF), a typical dryland forest ecosystem in Sinnar state, Sudan. A total of 306 circular sample plots (1000 m2 for each) were established using a systematic sampling grid method. The distance between plots was 400 m and between survey lines 500 m. In each plot, all living trees were identified and counted, and their diameter at the breast height (DBH) was recorded. Research findings showed that there were 2,339 individual trees representing four species (Acacia seyal, Balanites aegyptiaca, Acacia senegal and Acacia mellifera) that belong to two families. The B. aegyptiaca and A. seyal were the dominant species widely distributed in the TTDF. The average tree density was 175 trees/ha and the Shannon-Weiner index for trees diversity was 0.264. For the seedlings stage, A. mellifera showed a high value of frequency and density, followed by B. aegyptiaca and A. seyal. The structure of seedlings, saplings, and adults trees formed a reverse J-shape in which the density of seedlings was the highest and followed by saplings and adult trees. Carbon stock of A. seyal, B. aegyptiaca, A. senegal, and A. mellifera were 990.95, 2602.78, 1085.82, and 249.20 kg C/ha, respectively. Spatial analysis showed that sites composed of three species resulted in the highest above ground carbon stock compared to single species, two species, and four species compositions.

Spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation species, salinity, and mud thickness in mangrove forest in Pangarengan, Cirebon, Indonesia

المجلة: Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity

سنة النشر: 2022

تاريخ النشر: 2022-03-01

The mangrove rehabilitation programs in the northern coastline of West Java showed varying levels of success due to the lack of information on habitat suitability and species distribution. This research aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation species, salinity, and mud thickness in Pangareng an mangrove forest, Cirebon, Indonesia. Data on mangrove vegetation, salinity, and mud thickness were collected from 78 randomly distributed sample plots. Species composition was analyzed using important value index, and spatial distribution was examined using QGIS. Results revealed that Rhizophora mucronata was the most dominant and widely distributed species in all areas of Pangareng an mangrove forest with the important value index (IVI) for seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees were 178.69%, 219.71%, 242.21%, and 167.56%, respectively. Avicennia marina showed significant IVI in saplings (59.41%) and trees (105.21%). Other species had an IVI of less than 20% for each growth stage. Salinity ranged from 0-28 ppt and gradually decreased from the shoreline to settlement areas. Mud thickness ranged from 55 to 175 cm but with no regular pattern observed. Inconclusion, the Pangarengan mangrove forest was dominated by R. mucronata. Our findings suggest that to enhance the likelihood of success in mangrove rehabilitation programs, R. mucronata might be a good choice, but to increase the species diversity other species might need to be planted by applying specific treatments, such as a vertical aquaponic system.

Spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation species, salinity, and mud thickness in mangrove forest in Pangarengan, Cirebon, Indonesia

المجلة: Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity

سنة النشر: 2022

تاريخ النشر: 2022-03-01

Spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation species, salinity, and mud thickness in mangrove forest in Pangarengan, Cirebon, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1383-1391. The mangrove rehabilitation programs in the northern coastline of West Java showed varying levels of success due to the lack of information on habitat suitability and species distribution. This research aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation species, salinity, and mud thickness in Pangarengan mangrove forest, Cirebon, Indonesia. Data on mangrove vegetation, salinity, and mud thickness were collected from 78 randomly distributed sample plots. Species composition was analyzed using important value index, and spatial distribution was examined using QGIS. Results revealed that Rhizophora mucronata was the most dominant and widely distributed species in all areas of Pangarengan mangrove forest with the important value index (IVI) for seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees were 178.69%, 219.71%, 242.21%, and 167.56%, respectively. Avicennia marina showed significant IVI in saplings (59.41%) and trees (105.21%). Other species had an IVI of less than 20% for each growth stage. Salinity ranged from 0-28 ppt and gradually decreased from the shoreline to settlement areas. Mud thickness ranged from 55 to 175 cm but with no regular pattern observed. In conclusion, the Pangarengan mangrove forest was dominated by R. mucronata. Our findings suggest that to enhance the likelihood of success in mangrove rehabilitation programs, R. mucronata might be a good choice, but to increase the species diversity other species might need to be planted by applying specific treatments, such as a vertical aquaponic system.

Multi-temporal Satellite Images Analysis for Assessing and Mapping Deforestation in Um Hataba Forest, South Kordofan, Sudan

المجلة: Journal of Sylva Indonesiana

سنة النشر: 2022

تاريخ النشر: 2022-02-01

Sudan is a hot spot for deforestation, despite the increasing awareness of deforestation and its consequences. Consequences are related to increased emissions of greenhouse gases, water pollution, and loss of biodiversity. However, precise information on its forests' current state is very limited. Therefore, to intervene support of existing resources effectively, it is important to have a better understanding of the process to take place in the country and impact those resources. The objective of this study is assess and map Land use Land cover (LULC) change and analyze the anthropogenic factors causing it in Um Hataba forest, South Kordofan State. The study utilized two-free cloud images (TM 2000 and Sentinel-2 in 2018), field surveys, and questionnaires to analyze the decrease in forest cover. The results indicated there were a decrease in vegetation cover on wadis (clay soil) from 20.98% in 2000 to 15.85% in 2018 and vegetation on sandy soil decreased from 30.29% in 2000 to 30.13% in 2018. While mixed shrubs and grassland increased from 28.60% in 2000 to 33.20% in 2018 of the total area under study and the rainfed agricultural area increased from 20.13% in 2000 to 20.82% in 2018. The main factors of degradation and fragmentation as the expansion of mechanized are rain-fed agriculture, felling of trees and woodcutting, worse grazing activities, and construction of infrastructure. Information garnered from this study can provide a good basis for forest rehabilitation programs and can also be used for developing proper management plans that consider the needs of the communities utilizing the forest.

Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Trees and Shrubs from the Rashad District of Southern Kordofan, Sudan

المجلة: Egyptian Journal of Botany

سنة النشر: 2021

تاريخ النشر: 2021-10-01

THIS IS the first quantitative ethnobotanical study conducted in the Rashad district, Southern Kordofan, Sudan. The objective was to collect and identify trees and shrubs used by local people for medicinal purposes and summarize local knowledge about traditional herbal medicine. Ethnobotanical data were obtained by conducting several ethnobotanical surveys, questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, field observations, inquiries, and Group gatherings from September 2018 to January 2019. Quantitatively, ethnobotanical data were analyzed in terms of use value (UV) and relative frequency of citation (RFC). A total of 56 trees and shrubs used in medicine and belonging to 22 families were listed in this study. The most common families were Fabaceae (14%), Combretaceae (8%), and Malvaceae (5%). In terms of growth form, 35 species (61%) were trees and 21 (39%) were shrubs. Fruits were the most common structures used to prepare herbal medicine (23%) and were usually administered as a powder (13%). The most commonly used species based on UV by the local community in the Rashad area were as follows: Adansonia digitata L. for dysentery diseases, followed by Tamarindus indica L. for treating malaria and fever, Balanites aegyptiacus (L.) Delile for treating enteric worms, Vangueria madagascariensis J. F. Gmel and Guiera senegalensis J. F. Gmel for kidney problems, and Ximenia americana L. for toothaches. This study revealed significant local ethnobotanical knowledge and direct human-plant interactions. Recording indigenous use of woody plants is crucial for identifying potential species for future domestication.

Assessment of Tree Diversity and Abundance in Rashad Natural Reserved Forest, South Kordofan, Sudan

المجلة: Open Journal of Forestry

سنة النشر: 2019

تاريخ النشر: 2021-01-01

This study aims to estimate the tree diversity status of Rashad Forest Reserves in the Rashad locality of the South Kordofan State of Sudan. For data collection, eight sample plots (20 × 20 m) were taken randomly, and parameters were determined: trees species diversity, composition, relative density, dominance, important value index, and species richness in the Rashad forest reserve. The results show that a total of 237 and 56 tree species, including 22 families, have been identified in the study area. Fabaceae family and species numbers have the highest number of 13 species in 8 genera, followed by Combretaceae with 8 species belonging to 3 different genera, Malvaceae with 5 species belonging to 4 different genera, Apocynaceae with 3 species belonging to 3 different genera. The Arecaceae, Burseraceae, Capparaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae, and Rubiaceae families each had two species, and all the other 11 families had one species each. Among the 56 different tree species found within the reserve. The results also indicated that Tamarindus indica L. and Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. had the highest relative density and dominance of 4.64% and 11% respectively. Adansonia digitata L., Grewia villosa Willd, Vepris nobilis (Delile) Mziray had density and dominance of 4.80% and 9%. Followed by Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill. & Perr, Adansonia digitata L., Catunaregam nilotica (Stapf) Tirveng. (Syn: Xeromphis nilotica (Stapf) Keay, Vangueria madagascariensis J. F. Gmel. with 3.38% and 8%, respectively. Eleven species recorded the least relative dominance of 0.42%. Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H’) value stood at 3.82. And as diversity indices varied with location depending on the species available within an ecological zone, Rashad forest reserve is blessed with a moderate diversity index.