ECONOMIC ANALYSIS USING LINEAR PROGRAMMING TO DETERMINE THE COMPOSITIONS CROPPING OPTIMUM TO MINIMIZATION OF WATER NEEDS IN IRAQ’S AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

المجلة: Plant Archives

سنة النشر: 2020

تاريخ النشر: 2020-07-29

In this study a linear programming model to determine the proposed models of crop structures, which minimize water requirements as an alternative for the compositions of crops, applied in Iraq’s agricultural sector during 2012. These models are placed in order to minimizing the water used to irrigate crops order to reach the optimal use of water in Iraq’s agricultural sector. The maximum and minimum from the tracts of agricultural activities, which enter in the model during the study period to reach crop composition that, minimize water requirements and at the same time increasing the rest of other economic indicators and compare, the results of these models with the actual crop composition of 2012 in Iraq. It was been reached in the case of crop compositions that reduce water needs to two models. Where to put the first model on based on the minimization of the water needs of agricultural crops with a commitment to producing the actual crop composition for 2012, While the second model focused on the minimization of water needs with a commitment to using the entire of cropped area, Which was used in the actual installation of the 2012. Models proposed an alternative to installation of crop applied in Iraq’s agricultural sector during 2012 to the increase in both net return per unit of water and the net return to dunum. Which in turn leads to increase the overall yield. And reduce the required water needs of the crop in the proposed structures, which can take advantage of the surplus in the planting of additional spaces. It found that for these proposed models the effects of on each of the self-sufficiency of the crops and the value of imports and the GDP*and per capita GDP compared to 2012.

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS TO MEASURE THE COST AND PROFIT FUNCTION FOR HONEY PRODUCTION IN BABYLON PROVINCE, IRAQ

المجلة: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND STATISTICAL SCIENCES

سنة النشر: 2021

تاريخ النشر: 2021-01-27

Agricultural production is one of the most important economic sectors, where it is a system, a way of life, a source of income and an indispensable basis for food and social security. Honey bee breeding is one of the main activities in agricultural production that has received a lot of attention from ancient times to the present time because honey and the rest of the beehive products have high nutritional and healing value. This study targeted the most important factors affecting the profit function as well as estimating the production costs function. Cross-sectional data were used from a random sample of 40 beekeepers from Babylon province in Iraq. The results of estimating the profit function showed that the function parameters are consistent with the pronouncements of economic theory and statistical and standard tests. It is found through the size of the function parameters that the quantity of output has great importance in profit compared to the rest of the price variables. And the average production costs, as for the estimation of the total cost function and relying on the cost function, the achieved volume of economic efficiency for honey production at the level of 606 kg was obtained by 64 cells. The study also showed that the technical efficiency of honey production reached 74% and the volume of the bulk of profit was 990.04 kg by 103 cells. The net income from honey production, depending on the size of the actual, optimal and most profitable product, amounted to about 3591708 dinars, 5018574 dinars and 71101613 dinars, respectively. From the study, we conclude that the economic resources used in the production process were not optimally invested, which led to a decrease in production efficiency. Therefore, the study recommends working to follow a production policy aimed at increasing the economic efficiency of a single cell and achieving the optimal use of available resources, which will be reflected in improving honey production efficiency